Current from the eCFR as of 05/05/2025. Refreshed within last hour
Interactive Commerce Control List
This tool pulls information from Supplement No. 1 to Part 774 of the EAR.
How to use: Locate your item's Export Control Classification Number (ECCN) by searching the keywords or focusing by category and product groups. After finding a potential ECCN match, expand the accordion to ensure your item fits the technical specifications listed. You may need to review several ECCNs to identify the right match.
Need help? Review the CCL Order of Review to better understand the classification process for your item. If you need additional assistance, you can submit a commodity classification request to BIS in SNAP-R or contact an export counselor for guidance. To learn about Interactive CCL features, watch the video tutorial.
Please note: The Interactive CCL search will look for matching terms in ECCN headers and subparagraphs; however, it won't highlight matches in subparagraphs. You will need to expand the accordion to see where the term is listed within the entry.
A. "End Items," "Equipment," "Accessories," "Attachments," "Parts," "Components," and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) may control exports of items subject to the EAR and on the Commerce Control List. BIS provides cross references to these other agency controls for convenience only. Therefore, please consult relevant FDA and DEA regulations for guidance related to the item you wish to export and do not rely solely on the EAR for information about other agency export control requirements. See Supplement No. 3 to part 730 (Other U.S. Government Departments and Agencies with Export Control Responsibilities) for more information.
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components"and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
Metals and alloys: Unless provision to the contrary is made, the words "metals" and "alloys" in 1C001 to 1C011 cover crude and semi-fabricated forms, as follows:
Crude forms: Anodes, balls, bars (including notched bars and wire bars), billets, blocks, blooms, brickets, cakes, cathodes, crystals, cubes, dice, grains, granules, ingots, lumps, pellets, pigs, powder, rondelles, shot, slabs, slugs, sponge, sticks;
Semi-fabricated forms (whether or not coated, plated, drilled or punched):
a. Wrought or worked materials fabricated by rolling, drawing, extruding, forging, impact extruding, pressing, graining, atomizing, and grinding, i.e.: angles, channels, circles, discs, dust, flakes, foils and leaf, forging, plate, powder, pressings and stampings, ribbons, rings, rods (including bare welding rods, wire rods, and rolled wire), sections, shapes, sheets, strip, pipe and tubes (including tube rounds, squares, and hollows), drawn or extruded wire;
b. Cast material produced by casting in sand, die, metal, plaster or other types of molds, including high pressure castings, sintered forms, and forms made by powder metallurgy.
The object of the control should not be defeated by the export of non-listed forms alleged to be finished products but representing in reality crude forms or semi-fabricated forms.
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
AX. Annex to Category 1
List of Explosives (See ECCNs 1A004 and 1A008)
1. ADNBF (aminodinitrobenzofuroxan or 7 amino 4,6 dinitrobenzofurazane 1 oxide) (CAS 97096 78 1);
2. BNCP (cis bis (5 nitrotetrazolato) tetra amine cobalt (III) perchlorate) (CAS 117412 28 9);
3. CL 14 (diamino dinitrobenzofuroxan or 5,7 diamino 4,6 dinitrobenzofurazane 1 oxide) (CAS 117907 74 1);
4. CL 20 (HNIW or Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane) (CAS 135285 90 4); chlathrates of CL 20;
5. CP (2 (5 cyanotetrazolato) penta amine cobalt (III) perchlorate) (CAS 70247 32 4);
6. DADE (1,1 diamino 2,2 dinitroethylene, FOX-7) (CAS 145250-81-3);
7. DATB (diaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 1630 08 6);
8. DDFP (1,4 dinitrodifurazanopiperazine);
9. DDPO (2,6 diamino 3,5 dinitropyrazine 1 oxide, PZO) (CAS 194486 77 6);
10. DIPAM (3,3′ diamino 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′ hexanitrobiphenyl or dipicramide) (CAS 17215 44 0);
11. DNGU (DINGU or dinitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510 04 8);
12. Furazans as follows:
a. DAAOF (diaminoazoxyfurazan);
b. DAAzF (diaminoazofurazan) (CAS 78644 90 3);
13. HMX and derivatives, as follows:
a. HMX (Cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine, octahydro 1,3,5,7 tetranitro 1,3,5,7 tetrazine, 1,3,5,7 tetranitro 1,3,5,7 tetraza cyclooctane, octogen or octogene) (CAS 2691 41 0);
b. Difluoroaminated analogs of HMX;
c. K 55 (2,4,6,8 tetranitro 2,4,6,8 tetraazabicyclo [3,3,0] octanone 3, tetranitrosemiglycouril or keto bicyclic HMX) (CAS 130256 72 3);
14. HNAD (hexanitroadamantane) (CAS 143850 71 9);
15. HNS (hexanitrostilbene) (CAS 20062 22 0);
16. Imidazoles as follows:
a. BNNII (Octahydro 2,5 bis(nitroimino)imidazo [4,5 d]imidazole);
b. DNI (2,4 dinitroimidazole) (CAS 5213 49 0);
c. FDIA (1 fluoro 2,4 dinitroimidazole);
d. NTDNIA (N (2 nitrotriazolo) 2,4 dinitroimidazole);
e. PTIA (1 picryl 2,4,5 trinitroimidazole);
17. NTNMH (1 (2 nitrotriazolo) 2 dinitromethylene hydrazine);
18. NTO (ONTA or 3 nitro 1,2,4 triazol 5 one) (CAS 932 64 9);
19. Polynitrocubanes with more than four nitro groups;
20. PYX (2,6 Bis(picrylamino) 3,5 dinitropyridine) (CAS 38082 89 2);
21. RDX and derivatives, as follows:
a. RDX (cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, cyclonite, T4, hexahydro 1,3,5 trinitro 1,3,5 triazine, 1,3,5 trinitro 1,3,5 triaza cyclohexane, hexogen or hexogene) (CAS 121 82 4);
b. Keto RDX (K 6 or 2,4,6 trinitro 2,4,6 triazacyclohexanone) (CAS 115029 35 1);
22. TAGN (triaminoguanidinenitrate) (CAS 4000 16 2);
23. TATB (triaminotrinitrobenzene) (CAS 3058 38 6);
24. TEDDZ (3,3,7,7 tetrabis(difluoroamine) octahydro 1,5 dinitro 1,5 diazocine);
25. Tetrazoles as follows:
a. NTAT (nitrotriazol aminotetrazole);
b. NTNT (1 N (2 nitrotriazolo) 4 nitrotetrazole);
26. Tetryl (trinitrophenylmethylnitramine) (CAS 479 45 8);
27. TNAD (1,4,5,8 tetranitro 1,4,5,8 tetraazadecalin) (CAS 135877 16 6);
28. TNAZ (1,3,3 trinitroazetidine) (CAS 97645 24 4);
29. TNGU (SORGUYL or tetranitroglycoluril) (CAS 55510 03 7);
30. TNP (1,4,5,8 tetranitro pyridazino[4,5 d]pyridazine) (CAS 229176 04 9);
31. Triazines as follows:
a. DNAM (2 oxy 4,6 dinitroamino s triazine) (CAS 19899 80 0);
b. NNHT (2 nitroimino 5 nitro hexahydro 1,3,5 triazine) (CAS 130400 13 4);
32. Triazoles as follows:
a. 5 azido 2 nitrotriazole;
b. ADHTDN (4 amino 3,5 dihydrazino 1,2,4 triazole dinitramide) (CAS 1614 08 0);
c. ADNT (1 amino 3,5 dinitro 1,2,4 triazole);
d. BDNTA ((bis dinitrotriazole)amine);
e. DBT (3,3′ dinitro 5,5 bi 1,2,4 triazole) (CAS 30003 46 4);
f. DNBT (dinitrobistriazole) (CAS 70890 46 9);
g. [Reserved]
h. NTDNT (1 N (2 nitrotriazolo) 3,5 dinitrotriazole);
i. PDNT (1 picryl 3,5 dinitrotriazole);
j. TACOT (tetranitrobenzotriazolobenzotriazole) (CAS 25243 36 1);
33. "Explosives" not listed elsewhere in this list having a detonation velocity exceeding 8,700 m/s, at maximum density, or a detonation pressure exceeding 34 GPa (340 kbar);
34. [Reserved]
35. Nitrocellulose (containing more than 12.5% nitrogen) (CAS 9004-70-0);
36. Nitroglycol (CAS 628-96-6);
37. Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) (CAS 78-11-5);
38. Picryl chloride (CAS 88-88-0);
39. 2,4,6 Trinitrotoluene (TNT) (CAS 118-96-7);
40. Nitroglycerine (NG) (CAS 55-63-0);
41. Triacetone Triperoxide (TATP) (CAS 17088-37-8);
42. Guanidine nitrate (CAS 506-93-4);
43. Nitroguanidine (NQ) (CAS 556 88 7);
44. DNAN (2,4-dinitroanisole) (CAS 119-27-7);
45. TEX (4,10-Dinitro-2,6,8,12-tetraoxa-4,10-diazaisowurtzitane);
46. GUDN (Guanylurea dinitramide) FOX-12 (CAS 217464-38-5);
47. Tetrazines as follows:
a. BTAT (Bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)-3,6-diaminotetrazine);
b. LAX-112 (3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-1,4-dioxide);
48. Energetic ionic materials melting between 343 K (70 °C) and 373 K (100 °C) and with detonation velocity exceeding 6,800 m/s or detonation pressure exceeding 18 GPa (180 kbar);
49. BTNEN (Bis(2,2,2-trinitroethyl)-nitramine) (CAS 19836-28-3);
50. FTDO (5,6-(3′,4′-furazano)- 1,2,3,4-tetrazine-1,3-dioxide);
51. EDNA (Ethylenedinitramine) (CAS 505-71-5);
52. TKX-50 (Dihydroxylammonium 5,5′-bistetrazole-1,1′-diolate).
For quiet running bearings, see the U.S. Munitions List.
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
1. Secondary parallel contouring axes, (e.g., the w-axis on horizontal boring mills or a secondary rotary axis the center line of which is parallel to the primary rotary axis) are not counted in the total number of contouring axes. Rotary axes need not rotate over 360°. A rotary axis can be driven by a linear device (e.g., a screw or a rack-and-pinion).
2. The number of axes which can be coordinated simultaneously for "contouring control" is the number of axes along or around which, during processing of the workpiece, simultaneous and interrelated motions are performed between the workpiece and a tool. This does not include any additional axes along or around which other relative motions within the machine are performed, such as:
2.a. Wheel-dressing systems in grinding machines;
2.b. Parallel rotary axes designed for mounting of separate workpieces;
2.c. Co-linear rotary axes designed for manipulating the same workpiece by holding it in a chuck from different ends.
3. Axis nomenclature shall be in accordance with International Standard ISO 841:2001, Industrial automation systems and integration-Numerical control of machines-Coordinate system and motion nomenclature.
4. A "tilting spindle" is counted as a rotary axis.
5. 'Stated "unidirectional positioning repeatability" ' may be used for each specific machine model as an alternative to individual machine tests, and is determined as follows:
5.a. Select five machines of a model to be evaluated;
5.b. Measure the linear axis repeatability (R↑,R↓) according to ISO 230-2:2014 and evaluate "unidirectional positioning repeatability" for each axis of each of the five machines;
5.c. Determine the arithmetic mean value of the "unidirectional positioning repeatability"-values for each axis of all five machines together. These arithmetic mean values "unidirectional positioning repeatability" (UPR) become the stated value of each axis for the model...) (UPRX, UPRy, . . .);
5.d. Since the Category 2 list refers to each linear axis there will be as many 'stated "unidirectional positioning repeatability" ' values as there are linear axes;
5.e. If any axis of a machine model not controlled by 2B001.a. to 2B001.c. has a 'stated "unidirectional positioning repeatability" ' equal to or less than the specified "unidirectional positioning repeatability" of each machine tool model plus 0.7 µm, the builder should be required to reaffirm the accuracy level once every eighteen months.
6. For the purpose of 2B, measurement uncertainty for the "unidirectional positioning repeatability" of machine tools, as defined in the International Standard ISO 230-2:2014, shall not be considered.
7. For the purpose of 2B, the measurement of axes shall be made according to test procedures in 5.3.2. of ISO 230-2:2014. Tests for axes longer than 2 meters shall be made over 2 m segments. Axes longer than 4 m require multiple tests (e.g., two tests for axes longer than 4 m and up to 8 m, three tests for axes longer than 8 m and up to 12 m), each over 2 m segments and distributed in equal intervals over the axis length. Test segments are equally spaced along the full axis length, with any excess length equally divided at the beginning, in between, and at the end of the test segments. The smallest "unidirectional positioning repeatability"-value of all test segments is to be reported.
C. "Materials" [Reserved]
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
A. "End Items," "Equipment,""Accessories," "Attachments," "Parts," "Components," and "Systems"
The control status of equipment and "components" described in 3A001(other than those described in 3A001.a.3 to 3A001.a.10, 3A001.a.12 to 3A001.a.14, 3A001.b.12, or 3A001.z), 3A002, 3A901, which are "specially designed" for or which have the same functional characteristics as other equipment is determined by the control status of the other equipment.
The control status of integrated circuits described in 3A001.a.3 to 3A001.a.9, 3A001.a.12 to 3A001.a.14, 3A001.z or 3A901 that are unalterably programmed or designed for a specific function for other equipment is determined by the control status of the other equipment.
When the manufacturer or applicant cannot determine the control status of the other equipment, the control status of the integrated circuits is determined in 3A001.a.3 to 3A001.a.9, or 3A001.a.12 to 3A001.a.14, 3A001.z and 3A901.
The status of wafers (finished or unfinished), in which the function has been determined, is to be evaluated against the parameters of items in 3A.
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
3E001 and 3E905 do not apply to 'Process Design Kits' ('PDKs') unless they include libraries implementing functions or technologies for items specified by 3A001.
For the purposes of 3E001 and 3E905, a 'Process Design Kit' ('PDK') is a software tool provided by a semiconductor manufacturer to ensure that the required design practices and rules are taken into account in order to successfully produce a specific integrated circuit design in a specific semiconductor process, in accordance with technological and manufacturing constraints (each semiconductor manufacturing process has its particular 'PDK').
Computers, related equipment and "software" performing telecommunications or "local area network" functions must also be evaluated against the performance characteristics of Category 5, Part 1 (Telecommunications).
Control units that directly interconnect the buses or channels of central processing units, 'main storage' or disk controllers are not regarded as telecommunications equipment described in Category 5, Part 1 (Telecommunications).
Commodities and "software" in ECCNs 4A005 and 4D004 that are also controlled in ECCNs 5A002.a, 5A002.z.1, 5A002.z.6, 5A004.a, 5A004.b, 5A004.z, 5D002.c.1, 5D002.c.3, 5D002.z.6, 5D002.z.8, or 5D002.z.9, remain controlled in Category 5-Part 2 by those entries. Category 5-Part 2 does not apply to elements of source code that implement functionality controlled by these Category 4 ECCNs, or to any item subject to the EAR where Encryption Item (EI) functionality is absent, removed or otherwise non-existent.
Items in ECCNs 4A005, 4D001.a (for 4A005 or 4D004), 4D004, and "technology" specified in ECCN 4E001.a (for 4A005, 4D001.a (for 4A005 or 4D004) or 4D004) and 4E001.c that are also controlled for Surreptitious Listening (SL) reasons under another ECCN, will continue to be classified under the SL ECCN.
For the control status of "software" "specially designed" for packet switching, see ECCN 5D001. (Telecommunications).
'Main storage' is the primary storage for data or instructions for rapid access by a central processing unit. It consists of the internal storage of a "digital computer" and any hierarchical extension thereto, such as cache storage or non-sequentially accessed extended storage.
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment" [Reserved]
C. "Materials" [Reserved]
D. "Software"
The control status of "software" for equipment described in other Categories is dealt with in the appropriate Category.
E. "Technology"
Part 1-Telecommunications
The control status of "components", test and "production" equipment, and "software" therefor which are "specially designed" for telecommunications equipment or systems is determined in Category 5, Part 1.
For "lasers" "specially designed" for telecommunications equipment or systems, see ECCN 6A005.
"Digital computers", related equipment or "software", when essential for the operation and support of telecommunications equipment described in this Category, are regarded as "specially designed" "components", provided they are the standard models customarily supplied by the manufacturer. This includes operation, administration, maintenance, engineering or billing computer systems.
Commodities in ECCN 5A001.j, and related "software" specified in 5D001.c (for 5A001.j) that are also controlled in ECCNs 5A002.a, 5A002.z.1, 5A002.z.6, 5A004.a, 5A004.b, 5A004.z, 5D002.c.1, 5D002.c.3, 5D002.z.6, 5D002.z.8, or z 5D002.z.9, remain controlled in Category 5-Part 2 by those entries. Category 5-Part 2 does not apply to elements of source code that implement functionality controlled by these Category 5 Part 1 ECCNs, or to any item subject to the EAR where Encryption Item (EI) functionality is absent, removed or otherwise non-existent.
Items in ECCN 5A001.j, 5B001.a (for 5A001.j), related "software" specified in 5D001.a (for 5A001.j) and 5D001.c (for 5A001.j or 5B001.a (for 5A001.j)) and related "technology" specified in ECCN 5E001.a (for 5A001.j and 5D001.a (for 5A001.j)) that are also controlled for Surreptitious Listening (SL) reasons under another ECCN, will continue to be classified under the SL ECCN.
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
Part 2-"Information Security"
[Reserved]
Category 5-Part 2, "information security" products, when accompanying their user for the user's personal use or as tools of trade, are eligible for License Exceptions TMP or BAG, subject to the terms and conditions of these license exceptions.
Cryptography Note: ECCNs 5A002, 5D002.a.1, .b, .c.1, z.1, z.5, and z.6, do not control items as follows:
a. Items meeting all of the following:
1. Generally available to the public by being sold, without restriction, from stock at retail selling points by means of any of the following:
a. Over-the-counter transactions;
b. Mail order transactions;
c. Electronic transactions; or
d. Telephone call transactions;
2. The cryptographic functionality cannot be easily changed by the user;
3. Designed for installation by the user without further substantial support by the supplier; and
4. When necessary, details of the items are accessible and will be provided, upon request, to the appropriate authority in the exporter's country in order to ascertain compliance with conditions described in paragraphs a.1 through a.3 of this Note;
b. Hardware components or 'executable software', of existing items described in paragraph a. of this Note, that have been designed for these existing items, and meeting all of the following:
1. "Information security" is not the primary function or set of functions of the component or 'executable software';
2. The component or 'executable software' does not change any cryptographic functionality of the existing items, or add new cryptographic functionality to the existing items;
3. The feature set of the component or 'executable software' is fixed and is not designed or modified to customer specification; and
4. When necessary, as determined by the appropriate authority in the exporter's country, details of the component or 'executable software', and details of relevant end-items are accessible and will be provided to the authority upon request, in order to ascertain compliance with conditions described above.
For the purpose of the Cryptography Note, 'executable software' means "software" in executable form, from an existing hardware component excluded from 5A002, by the Cryptography Note.
'Executable software' does not include complete binary images of the "software" running on an end-item.
1. To meet paragraph a. of Note 3, all of the following must apply:
a. The item is of potential interest to a wide range of individuals and businesses; and
b. The price and information about the main functionality of the item are available before purchase without the need to consult the vendor or supplier. A simple price inquiry is not considered to be a consultation.
2. In determining eligibility of paragraph a. of Note 3, BIS may take into account relevant factors such as quantity, price, required technical skill, existing sales channels, typical customers, typical use or any exclusionary practices of the supplier.
You must submit a classification request or self-classification report to BIS for certain mass market encryption commodities and software eligible for the Cryptography Note employing a key length greater than 64 bits for the symmetric algorithm (or, for commodities and software not implementing any symmetric algorithms, employing a key length greater than 768 bits for asymmetric algorithms described by Technical note 2.b to 5A002.a or greater than 128 bits for elliptic curve algorithms, or any asymmetric algorithm described by Technical Note 2.c to 5A002.a) in accordance with the requirements of § 740.17(b) of the EAR in order to be released from the "EI" and "NS" controls of ECCN 5A002 or 5D002. For mass market commodities and software that do not require a self-classification report pursuant to § 740.17(b) and (e)(3) of the EAR, such items are also released from "EI" and "NS" controls and controlled under ECCN 5A992 or 5D992.
A. "End Items," "Equipment," "Accessories," "Attachments," "Parts," "Components," and "Systems"
I. Cryptographic "Information Security"
II. NON-CRYPTOGRAPHIC "INFORMATION SECURITY"
III. DEFEATING, WEAKENING, OR BYPASSING "INFORMATION SECURITY"
B. Test, Inspection and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials" [Reserved]
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
For automatic pilots for underwater vehicles, see Category 8. For radar, see Category 6.
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials" [Reserved]
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
A. "End Items", "Equipment", "Accessories", "Attachments", "Parts", "Components" and "Systems"
For propulsion systems designed or rated against neutron or transient ionizing radiation, see the U.S. Munitions List, 22 CFR part 121.
B. "Test", "Inspection" and "Production Equipment"
C. "Materials"
D. "Software"
E. "Technology"
"Development" or "production" "technology" controlled by 9E001 to 9E003 for gas turbine engines remains controlled when used for repair or overhaul. Excluded from 9E001 to 9E003 control are: technical data, drawings or documentation for maintenance activities directly associated with calibration, removal or replacement of damaged or unserviceable line replaceable units, including replacement of whole engines or engine modules.
USML Category XV(f) and ECCNs 9E001, 9E002 and 9E515 do not control the data transmitted to or from a satellite or "spacecraft," whether real or simulated, when limited to information about the health, operational status, or measurements or function of, or raw sensor output from, the "spacecraft," "spacecraft" payload(s), or its associated subsystems or components. Such information is not within the scope of information captured within the definition of "technology" in the EAR for purposes of Category 9 Product Group E. Examples of such information, which are commonly referred to as "housekeeping data," include (i) system, hardware, component configuration, and operation status information pertaining to temperatures, pressures, power, currents, voltages, and battery charges; (ii) "spacecraft" or payload orientation or position information, such as state vector or ephemeris information; (iii) payload raw mission or science output, such as images, spectra, particle measurements, or field measurements; (iv) command responses; (v) accurate timing information; and (vi) link budget data. The act of processing such telemetry data-i.e., converting raw data into engineering units or readable products-or encrypting it does not, in and of itself, cause the telemetry data to become subject to the ITAR or to ECCN 9E515 for purposes of 9A515, or to ECCNs 9E001 or 9E002 for purposes of 9A004. All classified technical data directly related to items controlled in USML Category XV or ECCNs 9A515, and defense services using the classified technical data remains subject to the ITAR. This note does not affect controls in USML XV(f), ECCN 9D515, or ECCN 9E515 on software source code or commands that control a "spacecraft," payload, or associated subsystems for purposes of 9A515. This note also does not affect controls in ECCNs 9D001, 9D002, 9E001, or 9E002 on software source code or commands that control a "spacecraft," payload, or associated subsystems for purposes of 9A004.